In this activity, acceptance will analyze the science abaft an arresting affection on the dwarf planet Ceres. Acceptance will deliquesce assorted salts into water, accomplish predictions about what will appear back the solutions are larboard to dry, again accomplish observations and accommodate explanations about what they observed.
Warm water
Salt (table alkali (sodium chloride), Epsom alkali (magnesium sulfate), AND/OR baking soda (sodium bicarbonate))
Measuring spoons
Small containers for bond alkali and water
Spoons, popsicle sticks OR added account for stirring
Petri dishes, artificial lids OR added agnate account (3 per accumulation or individual)
Cloth OR cardboard towels for apple-pie up
(Optional) Ascertainment worksheet – Download PDF | Download doc | Actualization on Google Drive
(Optional) eye dropper or pipette
(Optional) aphotic bolt OR paper
(Optional) duke lens or accumulative glass
During its 11-year mission, the Dawn aircraft orbited and advised the behemothic asteroid Vesta and dwarf planet Ceres, angelic bodies believed to accept formed aboriginal in the history of the solar system.
This added blush angel of Ceres was fabricated from abstracts acquired in April 2017, back NASA’s Dawn aircraft was absolutely amid the Sun and Ceres. Angel credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA | Expand image
Even afore Dawn accustomed at Ceres, scientists had empiric ablaze regions on the dwarf planet through telescopes, but their agent remained a mystery. The Dawn spacecraft’s close-up actualization accustomed scientists to accretion a bigger compassionate of how the hundreds of ablaze regions, accepted as faculae (meaning ablaze areas) came to be.
NASA’s Dawn aircraft captured pictures in arresting and bittersweet wavelengths, which were accumulated to actualize this false-color actualization of a arena of Occator Atrium on the dwarf planet Ceres. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech | Watch on YouTube
The best cogitating of these faculae are begin in atrium floors, with Occator Atrium actuality home to two of the best audible examples, called Cerealia Facula and Vinalia Faculae. Application abstracts alternate from Dawn, scientists apparent that cogitating alkali compounds (sodium chloride chemically apprenticed with baptize and ammonium chloride) are concentrated in Cerealia Facula, creating the six-mile advanced ablaze region. These compounds fabricated their way to the apparent back blue baptize from underground reservoirs percolated up. As the alkali dehydrated over hundreds of years, the salts were larboard abaft as evaporite minerals, creating the ablaze areas we beam on Ceres.
NASA’s Dawn aircraft captured pictures, which were accumulated to actualize this false-color actualization of a arena in Occator Atrium on the dwarf planet Ceres. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA | › Full angel and caption
The processes we see on Ceres is a accepted action actuality on Earth, too, one that after-effects in the accumulation of evaporite minerals, such as halite (sodium chloride, or table salt) and adhesive (calcium sulfate, acclimated industrially as plaster).
Table alkali and epsom alkali ratios:1:4 (1.0 Tbsp alkali to 0.25 cup water)1:8 (1.5 tsp alkali to 0.25 cup water)1:16 (0.75 tsp alkali to 0.25 cup water)
Baking soda ratios:1:12 (1.0 tsp baking soda to 0.25 cup water)1:16 (0.75 tsp baking soda to 0.25 cup water)1:24 (0.5 tsp baking soda to 0.25 cup water)
Dried solutions (from left) of table salt, Epsom salt, and baking soda. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech | Expand image
Examples ability accommodate broiled or dehydration acrid lakes (e.g., Salton Sea, Bonneville Alkali Flats) anhydrous farmland and adamantine baptize deposits on accouterments fixtures. Affirmation ability accommodate bright/white abrupt or bouldered materials.
Discuss the ablaze regions on Ceres, the aperture of blue subsurface baptize to the surface, and the ablaze salts larboard abaft as the baptize evaporates. Show acceptance images of Ceres and its ablaze spots.
Responses may include: Acceptance are accepting a close-up actualization of the evaporites compared to Dawn's actualization from orbit. There is so abundant added actual on Ceres than in the dish, and it’s actual thickly layered in Cerealia Facula. Even if there are voids or gaps in a layer, the actual aloft or beneath is still actual bright.
Students should adumbrate that the salts will deliquesce into the water. (If acceptance attenuated added than one blazon of salt) are there differences in the evaporite minerals larboard abaft that were observed?
Evaporite minerals from altered salts will accept altered clear structures and thereby booty on a altered appearance.
Students may be encouraged to attending up Total Attenuated Debris (TDS) from their bounded baptize district's anniversary reporting, or apprentice about adamantine baptize deposits and their cause.
This may advance to a altercation about the differences amid filtered water, antiseptic water, and distilled water. See Analyze Added beneath for a baptize filtration activity.
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Solar System Worksheet Pdf
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